TRANSLATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY The antioxidant tempol attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in mice fed a high-fructose diet

Chess DJ, Xu W, Khairallah R, O’Shea KM, Kop WJ, Azimzadeh AM, Stanley WC. The antioxidant tempol attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in mice fed a high-fructose diet. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H2223–H2230, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00563.2008.—We have previously shown that high-sugar diets increase mortality and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction during pressure overload. The mechanisms behind these diet-induced alterations are unclear but may involve increased oxidative stress in the myocardium. The present study examined whether high-fructose feeding increased myocardial oxidative damage and exacerbated systolic dysfunction after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and if this effect could be attenuated by treatment with the antioxidant tempol. Immediately after surgery, TAC and sham mice were assigned to a high-starch diet (58% of total energy intake as cornstarch and 10% fat) or high-fructose diet (61% fructose and 10% fat) with or without the addition of tempol [0.1% (wt/wt) in the chow] and maintained on the treatment for 8 wk. In response to TAC, fructose-fed mice had greater cardiac hypertrophy (55.1% increase in the heart weight-to-tibia length ratio) than starchfed mice (22.3% increase in the heart weight-to-tibia length ratio). Treatment with tempol significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy in fructose-fed TAC mice (18.3% increase in the heart weight-to-tibia ratio). Similarly, fructose-fed TAC mice had a decreased LV area of fractional shortening (from 38 2% in sham to 22 4% in TAC), which was prevented by tempol treatment (33 3%). Markers of lipid peroxidation in fructose-fed TAC hearts were also blunted by tempol. In conclusion, tempol significantly blunted markers of cardiac hypertrophy, LV remodeling, contractile dysfunction, and oxidative stress in fructose-fed TAC mice.